(To) China's per capita infusion 8 bottle: cork interest chain behind billions of powder _ _ Wenshan March Sina blog.

News South America as early as 2007 the State Food and Drug Administration had issued a warning for children under the age of two <a href="http://www.sense-of-wonder.info/"> wells fargo home equity loans </ .a>, in principle, use of anti-cold medicine. .The infusion therapy through the cold, in the United States is hard to imagine. .<wbr> infusion "put up a billing platform," pulling the relevant industries, and form a complete chain of interest. .Transfusion products of any "technical improvements" - even if <a href="http://www.ajaxify.info/"> Desk Help Software Tracking </ a> for a cork - means hundreds of millions or even tens of .billion market. .<wbr> "How <a href="http://www.cachyeu.info/"> Help Desk Tracking Software </ a> can not just report this to Congress?" <wbr> 104 million figure from the hospital .high probability. .Usually the number of hospitals than the business associate. .<wbr> When the nurse infusion needle into the scalp, 1 year old son began to cry randomly, Beijing residents LI Wen-juan (not his real name) my heart aches, but she comforted myself: the child's illness will get better soon. .<wbr> This is Jan. 13 in Beijing Children's Hospital, LI Wen-juan son is that this infusion of 3,000 hospital patients a day one. .And many (perhaps most) children, he came here to seek treatment because of flu. .<wbr> LI Wen-juan do not know, the infusion will allow her children to face many risks. .Rational use of Chinese Hospital Association, the National Office of experts monitoring the Sun faithful that the United States early in 2007, the State Food and Drug Administration had issued a warning, children under the age of two, in principle, use of anti-cold medicine. .The infusion therapy through the cold, in the United States is hard to imagine. .<wbr> transfusion in China is not new problems. .In fact, "can not take medicine injections, an injection without infusion to" the principles of the World Health Organization drug use, in reality has already been subverted. .Just ten years, along with the conduct of medical reform, China has become the world's leading "infusion great country." .The cause infusion problems <wbr> strong concern for people, because the State Development and Reform Commission Zhu Zhixin, deputy director of the Eleventh National People's Congress years ago at the eighteenth meeting revealed a few numbers: 2009, 104 of medical infusion .million bottles, equivalent to 13 million people each lost 8 bottles of liquid, much higher than the international level of 2.5 to 3.3 bottles of China ... ... <wbr> statistics relating to people's livelihood, mostly in per capita lags behind the international average. .However, the field of medical and health have emerged in the rare counter-example. .In the "8 per infusion bottle" before the other widespread argument is that China's per capita use of antibiotics, the United States 10 times. .<wbr> 1 11, Health Ministry spokesman Deng Haihua, said reform of public hospitals will improve the "infusion over" problem, is that the actual recognition of the "infusion of 8 bottles per capita" argument. .<wbr> However, in the medical system, "8 bottles per capita" argument has caused a backlash. .Ministry of Health, rational drug use Wuyong Pei, vice chairman of the Committee of Experts on the Southern Weekend reporter that he deeply suspicious of the authenticity of the figures. .<wbr> "do not know where this number came out, I think are not allowed." Wuyong Pei said. .<wbr> Wu Yongpei the Southern Weekend reporter said Zhu Zhixin, saying that after he had personally called to verify a large domestic enterprises infusion, the other told him, this enterprise in 2009 produced a total of 2.21 billion bags of infusion products, its production .27.9% of total output. .Wu Yongpei has been calculated that the producers of the year is the infusion bags 7.92 billion, well below the figures, said Zhu Zhixin. .<wbr> Wu Yongpei did not specify the source of the market share figures, and asked this reporter not to disclose the name of the manufacturer. .<wbr> Wu Yongpei said that in the background of tension between doctors and patients, as a National Development and Reform Commission in charge of leading the work of health reform, Zhu Zhixin say such things "should not be." .<wbr> "how can you just give the NPC report this? There is no scientific basis?" Wu Yongpei said, "You can tell him that if he agrees, I would like to argue with him." <wbr> Southern Weekend reporter had telephoned the National Development and Reform Commission .Secretariat would like to contact Zhu Zhixin I infusion interview questions, the result was the other turned down. .<wbr> infusion industry for many years as a research experts, the Secretary-General of China Association for Medical Equipment Engineering bags Gu Weijun 10.4 billion figure for the basic recognition. .Zhu Zhixin State health reform as part-time Director, Gu Weijun speculated 10.4 billion figure comes from the possibility of a large hospital, usually the number of hospitals than the business associate. .<wbr> Despite doubts the accuracy of figures, but Wu Yongpei also admitted the existence of China, "infusion over" problem, one for the patient groups, the per capita than in developed countries, more than double the infusion. .<wbr> annual production: 11 years of growth in China, four times the <wbr> infusion products, though large, but the proportion of exports is very low, most patients used in the country. .<wbr> introduced, according to Gu Weijun, Chinese chemical industry associations in 1998 infusion production statistics, the number is 19 million bottles, infusion made with the hospital four billion bottles, a total of 2.4 billion bottles, however, the average to less than two bottles per person. .At that time business goal is to expand production and lower prices in order to catch up with the foreign average (2 to 3 bottles), to meet the needs of domestic patients. .<wbr> Results Since then, China's rapid infusion dosage, the average annual growth rate of nearly 20%, the infusion as with antibiotics, injections, tablets and other pharmaceutical industry alongside one of the five preparations. .Southern Weekend reporter from a large infusion of market analysis on the report read like the words: ... ... 2001, an alteration, construction, expansion infusion line fever sweeping the country ... ... then yield that reached 31 million bottles over the previous year .increase of 30%. .<wbr> from 1998 to 2009, just 11 years, China's production increased by infusion 4 times per capita more than double than abroad. .<wbr> pharmaceutical enterprises in China has always been to "do not" often-criticized, however, the infusion industry is an exception, the last decade, China has emerged a number of corporate giants infusion. .Which was established in 1996 in just four years Chuan Kelun group to the annual output of 20 million bags (bottle) to become the world's largest manufacturer of infusion. .However, according to Gu Weijun introduction, the infusion of Chinese products, though large, but the proportion of exports is very low, most patients used in the country. .<wbr> infusion in addition to the product itself, but also boosting the number of transfusion-related industries. .According to Gu Weijun introduced, in addition to 407 Chinese enterprises infusion, there are dozens of infusion packaging material manufacturers, dozens of equipment manufacturers, hundreds of infusion manufacturers, hundreds of powder used in conjunction with the production of infusion .enterprises. .The infusion products of any "technical improvements" - even for a cork - were meant hundreds of millions or even billions of the market. .<wbr> Children's Hospital, Beijing, Hu, former vice president of the hospital transfusion apparatus Kyrgyzstan witnessed decades of change: he then became a doctor, the Children's Hospital, 2,000 patients a day, the infusion of 100 people, however, usually heavy patients. .Now from the treatment fluid into a delivery means, Children's Hospital Medical Systems 6,000 patients a day, half of them to infusion. .<wbr> <wbr> risky mode of administration <wbr> risk exists in almost all aspects of transfusion process. .<wbr> 2010 �� November 28 evening, "8 per bottle," less than a month before the news leaked, 5-year-old children in the summer of Zhangjiagang City Forest Hill People's Hospital of infusion when the first exception, after the death of the rescue process. .<wbr> investigation by experts, Xia Chen Sen exception of infusion of drug incompatibility is likely to cause - not both of the two drugs added to the brine. .Xia Chen Sen Zhangjiagang <wbr> First People's Hospital 10 days after the second death in patients with transfusion, November 19, a 53-year-old patients in the hospital after infusion, fell to the ground just out of the hospital with sudden death. .<wbr> the Ministry of Health and State Food and Drug Administration had no relevant statistics, no one knows how many people die every year due to transfusion-induced adverse drug reactions. .However, from the Food and Drug Administration, Zhengzhou City, adverse reaction monitoring center can explain the relevant number or severity of the problem: in 2009 the center received more than ten thousand reports of adverse drug reactions from intravenous administration (ie, transfusion) .accounted for 84.8%. .<wbr> appears in the Sun faithful, adverse drug reaction channels by statistical data, only tip of the iceberg - for fear of medical disputes and reputation damaged, and hospitals are often reluctant to report the real situation. .<wbr> In fact, no differences in pharmaceutical industry: drug directly into the vein, the infusion mode of administration that is full of risks. ."It does not take medicine injections, can not infusion injection," a worldwide consensus on medication. .<wbr> Shanghai said Dr Chen Xiaolan, the risk exists in almost all aspects of transfusion process, in addition to many potential incompatibility of adverse drug reactions and in addition, for patients, medical staff operations (puncture procedure, drip rate and amount) ., salt (sugar) in the quality, the quality of infusion and syringe, may lead to serious consequences. .If there are problems, and few of the same batch of infusion and liquid for testing. .<wbr> salt or sugar and simple compared to some of the treatment of transfusion products may contain a greater risk. .Xinfu occurred in 2006 (clindamycin phosphate glucose injection) event is one of the typical products that result in therapeutic infusion of 11 patients died after the State Food and Drug Administration found that the drug is not approved by the original .production process. .However, the Southern Weekend reporter said people in the industry, in fact, should never have approved the drug infusion products. .<wbr> In addition, the "security" as the characteristics of Chinese medicine, as in the production of infusion product, has often become a deadly killer, such as SHL, Houttuynia, Curcuma oil problem in recent years, traditional Chinese medicine injection frequency. .Because of security issues, the State Food and Drug Administration review of the center had started to re-review at the end of 2009, traditional Chinese medicine injection fluid type drugs. .<wbr> However, most Chinese patients, no one told them that these are not difficult to understand the risks, as the case of LI Wen-juan, people's concept only - good fast infusion. .<wbr> all doctors to "bottle"? .<wbr> infusion "put up a billing platform." .<wbr> Why do Chinese people have such strange mind the idea? .When they are, through what channels are placed in the patients mind? .<wbr> accept the Southern Weekend reporter to interview, said the infusion of more than excessive medical profession is the reason for both doctors and patients. .Sun faithful, said the issue of the infusion, doctors and patients is "a wish to play, one is willing to endure", and Gu Weijun infusion will be regarded as a "social problem" is the impetuosity of the current society in general created a "good fast infusion" .Misunderstanding. .In addition, there are claims that the infusion of more medical staff to patients was quite upset, "I do not give him a (bit), he would hit me." .<wbr> However, the legal profession and medical ethics circles some people are taking a different view. .Health Law by Zhuo Xiaoqin that the patient will blame infusion is irresponsible. ."Doctor-patient relationship, the patient is a passive party in general, not misleading medical staff, patients not understanding the formation of transfusion errors, and even if there is a small number of patients adhere to the unnecessary transfusion, not only that medical personnel .do your duty, not to make statements on the risks of transfusion. "<wbr> Chinese Academy of Social Sciences researcher, medical ethics experts Qiu Renzong that infusion over-development to such an extent, partly because knowledge of the patient, but the main reason the medical .pursuit of the interests of institutions and medical personnel cause. .<wbr> public hospitals "to drugs to support medical" mechanism, is widely considered to be caused by excessive fluid institutional factors. .Sun faithful that, as a hospital, the patient is not an infusion fluid itself, but in the combination therapy. .Sun faithfully estimated, and a number of years ago is different from the current infusion has been very little pure salt water, sugar, more than 90% of combination therapy, which accounted for a considerable proportion of antibiotics. .<wbr> Chen Xiaolan infusion will be described as a "put up a charging platform", not only can receive medication dosing, but also close observation of charge (although the observation may not be true), administration and injection, infusion fees. .Shanghai, a Chinese medicine hospital chief physician <wbr> MCA (a pseudonym) to the Southern Weekend reporter that their infusion and drugs in the hospital commission rebates and bonuses are directly related. .The doctor, the infusion is rarely a simple salt and sugar transport, big are related to other drugs used in combination, can use large doses of antibiotics, which the commission is often very high; for nurses, its bonuses directly linked with the infusion times, .Therefore, doctors and more nurses want to open infusion, some physicians to open up to allow the doctor behind the benefits of transfusion. .<wbr> Chen Xiaolan deeply understands, as she recalls the mid-80s of last century, studies in a hospital when she found a doctor because a hospital transfusion to patients, colleagues were ridiculed as the "bottle." .But 10 years later, Chen Xiaolan found that most doctors have become "bottle." .Chen Xiaolan worry, in the present environment, if the limit transfusion, some doctors have not had medication. .<wbr> transfusion transmission is not who is in charge? .How many bottles <wbr> production (infusion), the number of medical personnel have to use bottles, how many people have lost bottles. .<wbr> 2006, the Chen Xiaolan, Shanghai Medical Insurance Bureau hired a few "social supervisors," one has a Medical Insurance Bureau meeting, Chen Xiaolan views on transfusion issues that Medicare should reimburse those of the unnecessary infusion therapy .. .Medical Insurance Bureau official said the results: the patient transfusion should be determined by a doctor. .Chen Xiaolan is that: should be determined by the condition. .<wbr> Chen Xiaolan that the infusion itself is the abuse of drugs in violation of the principles of medical results, and hospital management and health, pharmaceutical, health care and other departments as they do not condone the spread of such phenomena. .<wbr> faithful in the Sun appears behind the proliferation of infusion, there is an important institutional factors - the lack of clinical pharmacist positions. .In the U.S., the 60s of last century to establish a system of clinical pharmacists to monitor doctors rational drug use. .In China, this system is still exploring, in the Sun faithful view, if the system could successfully established, it will effectively control the infusion of the abuse. .<wbr> appears in Chen Xiaolan, China's health care system in the past, the original "pharmacists" in this important position, and its primary function is to check medicine safety. .If the doctor out of unsafe and unscientific infusion side, then the "pharmacists" can be returned when the prescription audit, the actual effect is the gatekeeper role of clinical pharmacists. .<wbr> However, 90 of the last century, the hospital's "pharmacists" to "licensed pharmacist", its original function no longer exists. .As a result, few Chinese hospitals to see pharmacies for prescription drug safety withdrawal phenomenon. .<wbr> statement by Gu Weijun, the current hospital pharmacists in a sense acting as a "porter", mainly to ensure the hospital's drug supply from abroad, the Professional Orientation of clinical pharmacists were far worse. .<wbr> recent years, abuse of antibiotics has caused the Ministry of Health and State Food and Drug Administration attaches great importance to and has taken many measures, however, the abuse of the infusion for the same problem, but almost did not add any control. .In the Sun faithful impression, whether it is the Ministry of Health or the State Food and Drug Administration, the issue has never been alone sent a file over-infusion. .<wbr> increased sharply with the infusion and transfusion safety frequently to Shanghai-based part of the hospitals have set up a "center of intravenous drug deployment", the main content is an independent body established within the hospital, participation in the centralized dispensing pharmacists to .medical staff and patients to ensure medication safety. .<wbr> However, in practice this approach is mixed. .Opponents argue that failure to establish the system of clinical pharmacists, the practice is actually more income in real terms a "pharmaceutical service fee." .And this charge, once approved, is likely in the hospital established a new internal mechanism to encourage the infusion. .<wbr> and implementing the practices of hospitals, mostly funded by the company to establish a "center of intravenous drug deployment", according to China Youth Daily reported that several hospitals in Xinjiang in the implementation of this reform, the emergence of this phenomenon: Hospital .has signed a contract with the company, which funded the former establishment dispensing center, former production, you must use the infusion of the product, but also to reach a certain number. .<wbr> anonymity professionals believe that this approach, coincident with the pharmaceutical market a unique phenomenon: not to decide the production, but production decisions needs. ."From this point of view, if there is no strict restrictions on the use and regulation, the number of bottle production (infusion), the number of medical personnel have to use bottles, how many bottles of the people have to lose." The source said. .<wbr> This approach is part of the company and the hospital industry experts as "win-win", but critics worry that the loser will be the patient and the country. .(Southern Weekend )<!-- body end ->.